目錄

前言.....................................................................................................................................................................1

第一章基坑支護(hù).................................................................................................................................................2

1、基坑支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)施工相關(guān)典型問(wèn)題.......................................................................................................... 2

1.1 支護(hù)樁樁頂標(biāo)高相關(guān)問(wèn)題.............................................................................................................. 2

1.2 冠梁頂垂直擋土墻做法問(wèn)題.......................................................................................................... 3

1.2.1 擋土墻定位問(wèn)題................................................................................................................... 3

1.2.2 擋土墻截面及配筋問(wèn)題....................................................................................................... 4

1.2.3 擋土墻頂標(biāo)高問(wèn)題............................................................................................................... 5

1.2.4 擋土墻滲漏問(wèn)題................................................................................................................... 5

1.2.5 擋土墻單側(cè)支模問(wèn)題........................................................................................................... 6

1.3 冠梁頂放坡噴錨做法問(wèn)題.............................................................................................................. 7

1.3.1 坡腳線(xiàn)與冠梁關(guān)系問(wèn)題....................................................................................................... 7

1.3.2 放坡尺寸質(zhì)量控制問(wèn)題....................................................................................................... 9

1.3.3 坡頂做法問(wèn)題....................................................................................................................... 9

1.3.4 坡面通道問(wèn)題..................................................................................................................... 11

1.4 坑中坑影響及支護(hù)樁分界問(wèn)題.................................................................................................... 11

1.4.1 坑中坑影響問(wèn)題................................................................................................................. 12

1.4.2 支護(hù)樁分界問(wèn)題................................................................................................................. 13

1.5 基坑支護(hù)樁平面相關(guān)問(wèn)題............................................................................................................ 13

1.5.1 肥槽寬度問(wèn)題..................................................................................................................... 13

1.5.2 支護(hù)樁編號(hào)及細(xì)部調(diào)整問(wèn)題............................................................................................. 14

1.5.3 支護(hù)樁局部邊線(xiàn)調(diào)整問(wèn)題................................................................................................. 15

1.6 冠梁相關(guān)問(wèn)題................................................................................................................................ 16

1.6.1 冠梁截面配筋形式問(wèn)題..................................................................................................... 16

1.6.2 支護(hù)樁錨入冠梁深度問(wèn)題................................................................................................. 17

1.6.3 支護(hù)樁主筋對(duì)冠梁施工影響問(wèn)題.....................................................................................17

1.6.4 下沉冠梁施工相關(guān)問(wèn)題..................................................................................................... 20

1.6.5 下沉式冠梁漏水問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 24

1.6.6 冠梁/腰梁斜面施工偏差問(wèn)題........................................................................................... 25

1.7 各種止水帷幕設(shè)計(jì)施工相關(guān)問(wèn)題................................................................................................ 25

1.7.1 止水帷幕形式..................................................................................................................... 25

1.7.2 施工參數(shù)相關(guān)問(wèn)題............................................................................................................. 26

1.7.3 施工單價(jià)相關(guān)問(wèn)題............................................................................................................. 26

1.7.4 三軸攪拌樁相關(guān)問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 26

1.7.5 止水帷幕咬合尺寸問(wèn)題..................................................................................................... 27

1.8 其他常見(jiàn)基坑支護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)問(wèn)題................................................................................................ 27

1.8.1 基坑頂超載問(wèn)題................................................................................................................. 27

1.8.2 樁間土噴錨做法問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 28

1.8.3 錨索/錨桿相關(guān)尺寸問(wèn)題................................................................................................... 30

1.8.4 基坑陽(yáng)角錨索沖突問(wèn)題..................................................................................................... 31

1.8.5 坑中坑支護(hù)相關(guān)問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 31

2、基坑支護(hù)滲漏、變形相關(guān)問(wèn)題............................................................................................................ 31

2.1 基坑頂水溝滲漏問(wèn)題.................................................................................................................... 31

2.2 洗車(chē)池、沉淀池問(wèn)題.................................................................................................................... 32

施工技術(shù)實(shí)戰(zhàn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)——第一冊(cè)2024 年4 月

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2.3 基坑斜坡坡面滲漏問(wèn)題................................................................................................................ 32

2.4 基坑頂?shù)孛骈_(kāi)裂滲漏問(wèn)題............................................................................................................ 32

2.5 市政欄桿傾斜、道路開(kāi)裂問(wèn)題.................................................................................................... 33

2.6 錨索頭漏水問(wèn)題............................................................................................................................ 34

2.7 現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查問(wèn)題................................................................................................................................ 34

2.8 基坑支護(hù)監(jiān)測(cè)相關(guān)問(wèn)題................................................................................................................ 35

2.9 基坑支護(hù)預(yù)案問(wèn)題........................................................................................................................ 35

3、咬合樁設(shè)計(jì)施工相關(guān)典型問(wèn)題............................................................................................................ 35

3.1 軟咬合/硬咬合問(wèn)題.......................................................................................................................35

3.2 砂樁問(wèn)題........................................................................................................................................ 36

3.3 咬合樁導(dǎo)墻問(wèn)題............................................................................................................................ 36

3.4 大小樁設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題............................................................................................................................ 38

3.5 咬合樁錨索做法問(wèn)題.................................................................................................................... 38

3.6 咬合樁開(kāi)裂及基坑變形質(zhì)量問(wèn)題案例........................................................................................39

3.7 咬合樁定位及垂直度控制問(wèn)題.................................................................................................... 43

4、內(nèi)支撐形式設(shè)計(jì)施工相關(guān)典型問(wèn)題.................................................................................................... 43

4.1 內(nèi)支撐平面布置典型優(yōu)化調(diào)整方式............................................................................................ 43

4.1.1 水平桁架支撐形式問(wèn)題..................................................................................................... 43

4.1.2 減少角撐調(diào)整方式問(wèn)題..................................................................................................... 44

4.1.3 對(duì)撐+八字撐形式問(wèn)題....................................................................................................... 45

4.1.4 連系梁的調(diào)整問(wèn)題............................................................................................................. 46

4.1.5 內(nèi)支撐和后澆帶融合調(diào)整問(wèn)題.........................................................................................47

4.1.6 內(nèi)支撐和鋼柱吊裝沖突調(diào)整問(wèn)題.....................................................................................47

4.1.7 內(nèi)支撐受力調(diào)整問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 48

4.2 內(nèi)支撐標(biāo)高調(diào)整問(wèn)題.................................................................................................................... 49

4.2.1 冠梁和內(nèi)支撐標(biāo)高融合問(wèn)題............................................................................................. 49

4.2.2 內(nèi)支撐距離板面高差問(wèn)題................................................................................................. 50

4.3 立柱樁相關(guān)問(wèn)題............................................................................................................................ 51

4.3.1 立柱樁受力原理問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 51

4.3.2 格構(gòu)柱計(jì)算長(zhǎng)度問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 52

4.3.3 立柱樁形式問(wèn)題................................................................................................................. 53

4.3.4 格構(gòu)柱構(gòu)造要求及常用參數(shù)問(wèn)題.....................................................................................55

4.3.5 格構(gòu)柱相關(guān)節(jié)點(diǎn)做法......................................................................................................... 57

4.3.6 格構(gòu)柱綴板標(biāo)高深化設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題.........................................................................................63

4.3.7 格構(gòu)柱細(xì)部定位及標(biāo)高相關(guān)問(wèn)題.....................................................................................64

4.3.8 鋼管立柱樁相關(guān)問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 69

4.3.9 格構(gòu)柱其他相關(guān)問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 72

4.4 內(nèi)支撐梁板施工相關(guān)問(wèn)題............................................................................................................ 76

4.4.1 內(nèi)撐梁底做法..................................................................................................................... 76

4.4.2 內(nèi)撐板底做法..................................................................................................................... 77

4.4.3 內(nèi)撐梁無(wú)螺桿洞做法......................................................................................................... 79

4.4.4 內(nèi)撐梁板底清理問(wèn)題......................................................................................................... 79

4.4.5 內(nèi)撐梁施工縫問(wèn)題............................................................................................................. 80

4.5 換撐相關(guān)問(wèn)題................................................................................................................................ 80

4.5.1 換撐圖紙常用做法............................................................................................................. 80

4.5.2 底板肥槽回填問(wèn)題............................................................................................................. 87